Families prefer to have sons than daughters, especially among economically disadvantaged groups.
Girls in India are still seen as a burden, ‘a bad investment’, because they have to be taken care of only to ultimately join their husband’s household. Therefore, some mothers practice selective abortions or abandon their daughters after birth. If they are born, girls generally receive less attention and healthcare than boys, have a higher level of malnutrition, and are less likely to get an education. Mortality rates are higher among girls. From a very young age, they perform household chores which may take up to eight hours daily – a time they could spend going to school.
At present, India has one of the largest imbalances between boys and girls worldwide. The lack of females could cause serious problems in Indian society according to the Population Fund of the United Nations, one of them being that a significant proportion of young men would not be able to find a partner, especially among the poor. This, in turn, could lead to an increase in violence and trafficking of girls. On the other hand, young women would be pressured to marry and have children at an early age and, therefore, would often give up their education or jobs.
Empowerment of women and the community, access to education, implementation of rights in all sectors of the population, and a system of community solidarity will be key elements in addressing this problem.
